Reproduction and behavior of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae Hodgson) under predation risk: A field experiment

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	Reproduction and behavior of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae Hodgson) under predation risk: A field experiment
	Yang, Shengmei ; Yin, Baofa ; Cao, Yifan ; Zhang, Yanming ; Wang, Jinlong ; Wei, Wanhong
	2007
发表期刊	POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY ; Yang Shengmei,Yin Baofa,Cao Yifan, Zhang Yanming,Wang Jinlong,Wei Wanhong.Reproduction and behavior of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae Hodgson) under predation risk: A field experiment.POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY,2007,55(1): 127-138
摘要	The mixture of the feces and urine of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus) was used to increase the perception of predation risk of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae Hodgson) in the field. The influence of the predation risk on the reproduction and behavior of plateau pikas was examined through comparing reproductive characteristics and five different kinds of behavior between treatment and control plots. The results showed that 1) the body weight of the pikas was not significantly different between treatment and control plots. 2) The reproductive period of the pikas extended from March to later August in both treatment and control plots. The pregnant ratio, developed testes ratio, reproductive success and sex ratio of the pikas were not significantly different between the treatment and control plots. 3) The pikas increased their observing and calling frequencies and decreased their moving and feeding frequencies when exposed to red fox's feces and urine. 4) The increased red fox's feces and urine had no influence on the behavior of the pikas when the number of their natural enemies increased; the pikas obviously increased the observing frequencies and sharply decreased the calling frequency so as to decrease the direct predation risk. 5) There were no significantly behavioral differences between males and females as well as between adults and young. 6) The results reject the hypothesis 1 that the red fox's feces and urine as indirect predation risk suppresses the reproduction of the pikas and support the hypothesis 2 that the pikas can make decision by changing behavior to avoid the predation risk they encountered whenever.; The mixture of the feces and urine of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus) was used to increase the perception of predation risk of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae Hodgson) in the field. The influence of the predation risk on the reproduction and behavior of plateau pikas was examined through comparing reproductive characteristics and five different kinds of behavior between treatment and control plots. The results showed that 1) the body weight of the pikas was not significantly different between treatment and control plots. 2) The reproductive period of the pikas extended from March to later August in both treatment and control plots. The pregnant ratio, developed testes ratio, reproductive success and sex ratio of the pikas were not significantly different between the treatment and control plots. 3) The pikas increased their observing and calling frequencies and decreased their moving and feeding frequencies when exposed to red fox's feces and urine. 4) The increased red fox's feces and urine had no influence on the behavior of the pikas when the number of their natural enemies increased; the pikas obviously increased the observing frequencies and sharply decreased the calling frequency so as to decrease the direct predation risk. 5) There were no significantly behavioral differences between males and females as well as between adults and young. 6) The results reject the hypothesis 1 that the red fox's feces and urine as indirect predation risk suppresses the reproduction of the pikas and support the hypothesis 2 that the pikas can make decision by changing behavior to avoid the predation risk they encountered whenever.
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://210.75.249.4/handle/363003/25318
专题	中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Yang, Shengmei,Yin, Baofa,Cao, Yifan,et al. Reproduction and behavior of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae Hodgson) under predation risk: A field experiment[J]. POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, Yang Shengmei,Yin Baofa,Cao Yifan, Zhang Yanming,Wang Jinlong,Wei Wanhong.Reproduction and behavior of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae Hodgson) under predation risk: A field experiment.POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY,2007,55(1): 127-138,2007.
APA	Yang, Shengmei,Yin, Baofa,Cao, Yifan,Zhang, Yanming,Wang, Jinlong,&Wei, Wanhong.(2007).Reproduction and behavior of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae Hodgson) under predation risk: A field experiment.POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY.
MLA	Yang, Shengmei,et al."Reproduction and behavior of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae Hodgson) under predation risk: A field experiment".POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY (2007).