天然植物染料的提取及对藏毯染色性能的研究

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	天然植物染料的提取及对藏毯染色性能的研究
其他题名	Study on Natural Plants Dyes Extraction Methods and Dyeing Properties
	李春婷
学位类型	硕士
导师	索有瑞
	2009-05-27
学位授予单位	中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
学位授予地点	西北高原生物研究所
关键词	天然植物染料染料提取染色性能
摘要	天然染料以植物、动物，矿物为提取原料，与合成染料相比较，天然染料与生态环境的兼容性好、可生物降解，而且来源丰富。天然染料除染色功能外，还具有抗菌及许多其他保健防护功能。天然染料的这些特点使它特别适合应用于开发高附加值的绿色生态纺织品。植物、矿物资源丰富的青藏高原正是开发天然染料的理想区域，利用这一资源优势，发展青海特色经济——藏毯产业，将生态环境保护与资源综合利用并举，符合科学发展观中坚持生态环境与经济协调发展的可持续发展战略。本项重点对大黄、黄芩、紫草这几种天然植物染料的提取工艺条件及对羊毛的染色性能进行了系统研究，得出了以下结论，为天然染料的开发与应用提供了科学依据和技术支撑。 1、对青海及周边地区进行天然染料资源调查，完成了《青海藏毯天然染料资源研究报告》。 2、建立了大黄、黄芩、紫草3种植物染料的提取方法及工艺条件。 (1)大黄利用水煎煮法提取黄色染料；应用氢氧化钠可将蒽醌还原为隐色体盐，出现深色效应这一原理提取红色染料，其最佳提取工艺为0.1Mol的氢氧化钠，以1:20的料液比，20℃提取20min。 (2)采用超临界CO2萃取技术提取紫草色素。研究萃取过程中萃取的工艺参数，如萃取温度、压力、时间及原料粒度等紫草色素含量的影响，确定了超临界CO2萃取紫草色素的最佳工艺参数为：萃取温度35℃；萃取压力35MPa；萃取时间为120min。 (3)黄芩利用水煎煮法提取黄色染料。 3、对大黄、黄芩、紫草3种植物染料的染色性能进行了研究。大黄、黄芩、紫草3种植物染料对羊毛织物进行染色时都采用直接染色法和媒染染色法。其中媒染染色又分为预媒染染色和后媒染染色。结果显示，媒染染色比直接染色的上染率高，就染色效果而言，媒染染色对色调的影响较大，铁盐媒染染色后颜色加深，使织物略带绿色，铝盐媒染后的织物亮度有所增强。在探讨染色温度、染色pH值、媒染剂用量、染液浓度等染色工艺参数对毛织物染色效果的影响时，发现无论是进行直接染色还是媒染染色，pH值都是影响上染率的最主要因素，根据单因素试验及正交实验分析表，得出对羊毛织物染色时pH4为最佳染色条件。其他因素在不同的染色方法中对上染率的影响有所不同，其结果在各染色方法中已有讨论。
其他摘要	Natural dyes from plants, animals and minerals, compared with the synthetic dyes, natural dyes can exhibit better biodegradability and generally have a higher compatibility with the environment and abundant sources. In addition to dyeing, natural dyes also have anti-bacterial, and many other health-care protections. These characteristics of natural dyes make it especially suitable for the development of high value-added textile. Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is rich in resources of plants and minerals make use of this resource advantages to develop the Tibetan carpet industry. Ecological environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of resources both in line with the scientific concept of development in the ecological environment and the economy persist in the coordinated development of the sustainable development strategy. In this research, extraction method of natural dyes,dyeing method and their dyeing properties have been studied systematically. The results and conclusion as followed could provide scientific theoretical and technical basis for further research and development. 1、To investigate the natural dye resources of Qinghai and its surrounding areas, resources of natural dyes investigation report was completed. 2、Constructing extraction method of three natural plants dyes. (1)Using boiled water and NaOH solution extraction Rheum.tanguticum dye, the results showed that 0.1mol NaOH, material to solvent1:20, extraction temperature20℃, extraction 20min was the most selective way for extraction. (2)Pigment of Arnebia Euchroma (Royle)John was obtained by supercritical carbon oxide. The effects of various parameters, such as pressure, temperature, particle sizes and extraction time on the content of Arnebia Euchroma (Royle)John pigment were studied. The results showed that under pressure of 35MPa, temperature 35℃ and dynamic extraction time of 120 min, the method was most selective for the extraction the pigment. (3)Utilize boiled water to extraction Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi dye. 3、Studied on three dyes 'dyeing properties on wool fabric. In this research we studied on two dyeing methods, direct dyeing and mordant dyeing. Mordant dyeing include pre-mordant and post-mordant. The results showed that mordant dyeing has higher dye uptake%, while the effect of mordant on color of natural dye is different from each other. FeSO4•7H2O influence color seriously, it is made color deepened, KAl(SO4)2•12H2O make color brightly. The effects of various parameters, such as dyeing temperature, dyeing pH, the amount of mordant, dye concentration and other parameters on dyeing wool fabric were studied. It showed that dyeing pH influence the dye uptake%, either in direct dyeing or mordant dyeing. According to test results pH4 was the most selective for dying wool fabric. The effects of other parameters on dyeing also was studied, the results were showed in each chapter.
页数	58
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://210.75.249.4/handle/363003/3238
专题	中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李春婷. 天然植物染料的提取及对藏毯染色性能的研究[D]. 西北高原生物研究所. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,2009.

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