UV-B辐射对海北高寒草甸几种高山植物光合色素和叶绿素荧光参数的影响

NWIPB OpenIR

	UV-B辐射对海北高寒草甸几种高山植物光合色素和叶绿素荧光参数的影响
其他题名	influences of UV-B radiation on photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of several plants in Haibei alpine meadow
	张波
学位类型	硕士
导师	师生波
	2009-05-29
学位授予单位	中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
学位授予地点	西北高原生物研究所
关键词	Uv-b辐射光合色素紫外吸收物质叶绿素荧光参数
摘要	温室气体的排放，导致了整个平流层臭氧的减少，使直接到达地球表面的紫外线-B辐射显著增加，进而引发一系列严重的生态学和生物学后果。青藏高原上空的臭氧损耗较为严重，以夏季（7-9月）最为明显，UV-B辐射相应的增强。本研究以青藏高原高寒草甸的主要伴随物种美丽风毛菊和麻花艽，以及其它10种植物为实验材料，在中国科学院海北高寒草甸生态系统研究站进行了两种UV-B辐射的实验，即短期UV-B辐射增强和短期UV-B辐射滤过实验，来探讨植物在高海拔高辐射地区对UV-B辐射的生理生态响应。主要结论如下： 1、短期UV-B辐射增强实验 1.1、美丽风毛菊和麻花艽单位面积叶片的叶绿素含量（Chl）和类胡萝卜素含量（Car）总体上Mylar膜下高于CA膜下的，表明短期UV-B辐射增强对两种植物叶片的光合色素造成了一定程度上的破坏；美丽风毛菊和麻花艽在同一处理不同月份之间，都是以生长旺盛期光合色素含量较高，生长初期（美丽风毛菊）和生长后期含量较低；同时美丽风毛菊叶片Car/Chl总体上CA膜下的高于Mylar膜下的，说明CA膜下美丽风毛菊遭受的紫外胁迫较为严重，在同一处理不同月份间呈现出先升高后降低的趋势，则反映出美丽风毛菊在生长旺期六月或七月遭受的UV-B胁迫更为明显。美丽风毛菊叶片Mylar膜下的Chla/Chlb高于CA膜下的，表明Mylar膜下的美丽风毛菊叶片的光合活性较强。 1.2、麻花艽单位面积叶片紫外吸收物质含量CA膜下的高于Mylar膜下的，表明短期UV-B辐射增强引起麻花艽叶片中紫外吸收物质含量在一定程度上的升高。美丽风毛菊和麻花艽单位面积叶片紫外吸收物质含量在同一处理不同月份之间是依次升高的，表明紫外吸收物质在两种植物叶片中都有一定的累积性。 1.3、美丽风毛菊和麻花艽在阴天时的实际光化学量子效率（PSII）高于晴天时的PSII，说明两种植物在晴天时相对于阴天时有较多的过剩光能；两种植物在晴天时的非光化学猝灭（NPQ）明显大于阴天时的NPQ，说明晴天时两种植物叶片PSⅡ所捕获的光能以能量耗散的方式损失的能量较多，不能有效地用于光合作用；两种植物晴天时的PSⅡ激发压（1-qP）高于阴天时的1-qP，说明晴天时QA+重新还原化形成QA-的量大，即PSⅡ的电子传递活性较小，也就是PSⅡ氧化侧向PSⅡ反应中心的电子流动受到抑制。两种植物的PSII、NPQ和1-qP在阴天时Mylar膜和CA膜之间，晴天时Mylar膜和CA膜之间，没有明显的趋势。 2、短期UV-B辐射滤过实验 2.1、美丽风毛菊单位面积叶片Chl总体上CA膜下的比Luminar膜下的高，可能是由于CA膜下的美丽风毛菊接受到适量的UV-B辐射导致叶片厚度增加从而引起单位面积叶片的叶绿素含量升高。麻花艽单位面积叶片Chl总体上Luminar膜下的高于CA膜下的，说明CA膜下麻花艽接受到适量UV-B辐射对叶绿素造成了一定程度上的伤害。美丽风毛菊和麻花艽同一处理不同月份之间，都是以生长旺盛期光合色素含量较高，生长初期（美丽风毛菊）和生长后期含量较低，有一定的生长发育规律。麻花艽叶片Car/Chl在CA膜下的总体上高于在Luminar膜下的，表明CA膜下麻花艽遭受的UV-B胁迫更为明显；美丽风毛菊叶片Chla/Chlb在Luminar膜下总体上高于在CA膜下的。除矮嵩草外，其它9种植物叶片的Car在CA膜下的高于Luminar膜下的。 2.2、美丽风毛菊和麻花艽单位面积叶片中紫外吸收物质含量在同一月份不同处理之间没有明显趋势，说明短期UV-B辐射滤过没有对二者叶片中的紫外吸收物质含量造成明显差异；同一处理不同月份之间呈现出逐月增高的趋势，说明美丽风毛菊和麻花艽叶片中紫外吸收物质有一定累积性；除大通风毛菊外，其它9种植物的都是CA膜下的比Mylar膜下的高，表明UV-B辐射在一定程度上促进了这些植物叶片中紫外吸收物质的合成。 2.3、美丽风毛菊和麻花艽叶片PSII、NPQ和1-qP，在阴天和晴天时的数据和短期UV-B辐射增强时在晴天和阴天时的相似；但是在短期UV-B辐射滤过时，两种植物叶片的PSII在阴天和晴天时都是Luminar膜下比CA膜下的高，美丽风毛菊晴天时的有显著差异（p<0.05），说明CA膜下植物接受到适量UV-B辐射减弱了二者吸收光能用于光化学过程的能力；美丽风毛菊和麻花艽叶片NPQ在阴天和晴天时都是CA膜下的比Luminar膜下的大，美丽风毛菊晴天时的有显著差异（p<0.05），说明CA膜下植物接受到适量UV-B辐射加大了植物以非光化学猝灭形式的能量耗散；美丽风毛菊和麻花艽叶片1-qP在阴天和晴天时都是CA膜下的比Luminar膜下的高，美丽风毛菊晴天时的有显著差异（p<0.05），说明CA膜下植物接受到适量UV-B辐射加大了QA的还原程度。
其他摘要	The continuous increase of greenhouse gases over the world has been reducing the ozone layer, which further intensifies ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation and leads to a series of ecological and biological effects. Ozone layer above Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is depressing seriously, especially in summer, thus UV-B radiation is enhancing. Saussurea superba Anth. , Gentiana straminea Maxim and other ten plants were used as experiment materials. The experiment included two parts, short-term enhanced UV-B radiation and short-term filtered UV-B radiation. Field experiments were conducted at the Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station. The main results as follows: 1. Short-term enhanced UV-B radiation 1.1 The Chl content and Car content in the leaves of Saussurea superba Anth. and Gentiana straminea Maxim under Mylar film were higher than those under CA film, which indicated short-term enhanced UV-B radiation had a destructive effect on photosynthetic pigments. The photosynthetic pigments contents of the two plants were higher in luxuriant growth period and lower in early growth period and in late growth period. Car/Chl in Saussurea superba Anth. under CA film was higher than that under Mylar film, which indicated there was more serious UV-B radiation under CA film. Car/Chl in Saussurea superba Anth. showed a “low-high-low” trend, which indicated that there was more serious UV-B radiation in luxuriant growth period. Chla/Chlb of Saussurea superba Anth. under Mylar film was higher than that under CA film, which indicated that the photosynthetic activity under Mylar film was higher than that under CA film. 1.2 The content of UV-absorbing compounds in the leaves of Gentiana straminea Maxim under CA film were higher than those under Mylar film, which indicated that short-term enhanced UV-B radiation boosted synthesis of UV-absorbing compounds. The content of UV-absorbing compounds in the leaves of the two plants continuously increased among different months at the same treatment, which indicated that UV-absorbing compounds in the two plants accumulated at the growth period. 1.3 The two plants’ PSII in the shady days was higher than that in the sunny days under short-term enhanced UV-B radiation, NPQ and 1-qP in the sunny days was higher than that in the shady days, which indicated the two plants had more superfluous light energy in the sunny days than in the shady days. PSII , NPQ and 1-qP had no obvious trend under short-term enhanced UV-B radiation. 2 Short-term filtered UV-B radiation 2.1 The Chl content in the leaves of Saussurea superba Anth. under CA film were higher than that under Luminar film, which indicated a certain amount of UV-B radiation made the leaves thicker, thus the Chl content rised. The Chl content in the leaves of Gentiana straminea Maxim under Luminar film were higher than that under CA film, which indicated a certain amount of UV-B radiation had a destructive effect on the synthesis of Chl. The photosynthetic pigments contents of the two plants were higher in luxuriant growth period and lower in early growth period and in late growth period. Car/Chl of the Gentiana straminea Maxim under CA film was higher than that under Luminar film, which indicated there was more serious UV-B radiation under CA film. Chla/Chlb of Saussurea superba Anth. under Luminar film was higher than that under CA film. Except Kobresia humilis, other nine plants’ Car under CA film were higher than that under Luminar film. 2.2 UV-absorbing compounds of the two plants had no obvious trend under short-term filtered UV-B radiation. The content of UV-absorbing compounds in the leaves of the two plants continuously increased among different months at the same treatment, which indicated that UV-absorbing compounds in the two plants accumulated at the growth period. Except Saussurea katochaete, other nine plants’ UV-absorbing compounds under CA film were higher than that under Luminar film, which indicated that UV-B radiation boosted synthesis of UV-absorbing compounds. 2.3 The two plants’ PSII, NPQ and 1-qP under short-term filtered UV-B radiation were similar to those under short-term enhanced UV-B radiationThe two plants’ PSII under luminar film was higher than under CA film in the shady days and in the sunny days, NPQ and 1-qP under CA film were higher than those under Luminar film, which indicated the two plants had more superfluous light energy under CA film than under Luminar film.
页数	54
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://210.75.249.4/handle/363003/3244
专题	中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张波. UV-B辐射对海北高寒草甸几种高山植物光合色素和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[D]. 西北高原生物研究所. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,2009.

条目包含的文件
文件名称/大小	文献类型	版本类型	开放类型	使用许可
10001_20062801221500（755KB）			开放获取	--	请求全文