不育剂对高原鼠兔繁殖的作用格局

NWIPB OpenIR

	不育剂对高原鼠兔繁殖的作用格局
其他题名	Effects of sterilants on the reproduction of plateau pika ( Ochotona curzoniae)
	杨敏
学位类型	硕士
导师	张堰铭
	2009-06-01
学位授予单位	中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
学位授予地点	西北高原生物研究所
关键词	高原鼠兔炔雌醚左炔诺孕酮复合不育剂ep-1 生殖器官脏器系数生育力
摘要	繁殖是生活史基本特征之一，并在延续物种和调节种群动态中起着重要作用。本研究以青藏高原特有食草类小型哺乳动物高原鼠兔（Ochotona curzoniae）为研究对象，采用样线法和解剖取样等方法，分别于2007和2008年研究了炔雌醚、左炔诺孕酮和复合不育剂EP-1对高原鼠兔种群动态、生殖器官、繁殖产出的作用格局，以探讨高原鼠兔危害的非致死管理模式。主要结果和结论如下： 1. 炔雌醚对高原鼠兔繁殖的作用（1）4-6月，炔雌醚组高原鼠兔睾丸、附睾、储精囊脏器系数和精子浓度显著或极显著低于对照组；4-5月初，卵巢、子宫脏器系数显著升高，且怀孕率和平均胎仔数显著低于对照组；炔雌醚可显著降低高原鼠兔种群密度。（2）次年，炔雌醚组高原鼠兔睾丸、储精囊及附睾脏器系数显著升高，但精子浓度显著低于对照组；5月底卵巢脏器系数显著高于对照组，子宫系数差异不显著，怀孕率和平均胎仔数均明显下降；高原鼠兔种群密度显著低于对照组。 2. 左炔诺孕酮（LNG）对高原鼠兔繁殖的作用（1）5月，孕酮组睾丸脏器系数显著低于对照组，储精囊、附睾系数和精子浓度与对照组差异不明显。4月底，孕酮组卵巢系数极显著降低，子宫系数差异不显著；4月底-5月初，怀孕率、平均胎仔数显著高于对照组，5月底，怀孕率和平均胎仔数又显著低于对照组；LNG不能显著降低高原鼠兔种群密度。（2）次年4月底，孕酮组睾丸、附睾脏器系数显著高于对照组，但雄性精子浓度显著下降，储精囊系数与对照组无显著差异；雌性卵巢、子宫系数、怀孕率、平均胎仔数与对照组差异不显著；高原鼠兔种群密度与对照组无显著差异。 3. 复合不育剂EP-1对高原鼠兔繁殖的作用（1）繁殖高峰期（5月初-6月初），EP-1组雄性睾丸、储精囊、附睾脏器系数及精子浓度显著下降；雌性卵巢、子宫系数与对照差异不明显，怀孕率和胎仔数显著低于对照组；EP-1可明显降低高原鼠兔种群密度。（2）次年4月底，EP-1组睾丸、储精囊、附睾脏器系数极显著高于对照组；5月初，精子浓度显著低于对照组；4月底或5月底，卵巢、子宫系数显著或极显著高于对照组，但雌性怀孕率和平均胎仔数显著降低。种群密度亦明显低于对照。我们的研究结果表明，投药当年，雌醚和EP-1处理组雄性高原鼠兔睾丸、附睾及储精囊脏器系数显著下降，精子浓度下降，孕酮对雄性效果不明显。雌性高原鼠兔对孕酮和EP-1不育剂均不敏感，仅在繁殖初期雌醚不育组高原鼠兔卵巢和子宫重量显著升高。由于雌醚和EP-1组雄性强烈不育，致使雌性生育率和繁殖力明显下降，但雌醚组不育效果优于EP-1组。不育控制后第二年，雌醚和EP-1不育组雄性精子数，雌性怀孕率和平均胎仔数均显著下降，说明该不育剂对高原鼠兔种群繁殖抑制的后续效应明显，且雌醚组后续效应强于EP-1组。因而，炔雌醚有望成为一种很有潜力的不育剂。
其他摘要	Reproduction is the basic character of life history, and it plays an important role in surviving species and regulating population dynamics. The research work on plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae), a native small herbivorous mammal in Qinghai-Tibet plateau was conducted from April to August in 2007 and 2008 at Dawu town, Guoluo state, Qinghai Province, People’s Republic of China. Effects of three sterilants (Quinestrel, Levonorgestrel, Quinestrel–Levonorgestrel (code: EP-1)) on population density, reproductive organ coefficient, fertility of the plateau pika was studied respectively by line transect and sampling pikas for dissection methods. The non-lethal governmental pattern of plateau pika was explored. The main results and conclusions were reported as follows: 1. Effects of Quinestrel on the reproduction of plateau pika (1) Testis, epididymal tail, seminal vesicle organ coefficient and sperm counts were significantly lower than that in control group from April to June in 2007. Ovary and uterus organ coefficient were significantly higher from April to early May. During the whole reproductive period, rate of pregnancy and average litter size were significantly lower than that in control group. Population density of the treatment group decreased significantly. (2) The second year after fertility control, although testis, epididymal tail, seminal vesicle coefficient were significantly higher during the period of early reproduction, sperm counts decreased significantly in the treatment group. Ovary coefficient was significantly higher in late May, the uterus coefficient between treatment and control groups was not significantly different, rate of pregnancy, average litter size decreased apparently. Population density was significantly lower than that in control group. 2. Effects of Levonorgestrel (LNG) on the reproduction of plateau pika (1) Testis organ coefficient was significantly lower than that in control group in May, Epididymal tail coefficient, sperm counts between treatment and control groups were not significantly different during the whole reproductive period in 2007. At the peak of reproductive period, seminal vesicle coefficient inclined to increase. As to the females, ovary coefficient significantly decreased in late April; there was not significant difference in the uterus coefficient from April to August; rate of pregnancy, average litter size was significantly higher than that in control group during the period of early reproduction (late April to early May), but significantly lower in late May. Population density of the treatment group was apparently higher from June to August in 2007. (2) Male reproductive organ coefficient inclined to increase, but also without significance in the second year; sperm counts significantly decreased in late April. Female reproductive organ coefficient, rate of pregnancy, average litter size were not apparently different between treatment and control group during the whole reproductive period. Population density in treatment group was lower than that in control, although not significant. 3. Effects of EP-1 on the reproduction of plateau pika (1) At the peak of reproductive period in 2007, testis, epididymal tail, seminal vesicle organ coefficient and sperm counts decreased significantly. The differences between treatment and control groups in the ovary, uterus organ coefficient were not significant, rate of pregnancy, average litter size decreased significantly. Population density was lower than that in control group. (2) The second year after fertility control, Male reproductive organ coefficient inclined to increase, some got to be significant. The differences between treatment and control groups in ovary, uterus organ coefficient were not significant. During the period of early reproduction, rate of pregnancy, average litter size decreased significantly. Population density in treatment was lower than that in control group, but not significant. Our results showed that, in the poisoning year, testis, epididymal tail, seminal vesicle organ coefficient and sperm counts in Quinestrel and EP-1 groups decreased significantly, LNG had little effect in prohibiting the population density and fertility of plateau pika. Female pikas were not sensitive to LNG or EP-1. Ovary, uterus organ coefficient in Quinestrel group significantly increased during the period of early reproduction. For the fertility prohibition of male pikas in Quinestrel and EP-1 group, rate of pregnancy, average litter size significantly decreased, but the effect of former was stronger than later. In the second year after fertility control, sperm counts, rate of pregnancy, average litter size in Quinestrel and EP-1 group significantly decreased. These indicated that the two sterilitants had continuing effects on prohibiting reproduction of plateau pika population, and the former’s valid period was longer than later. As a result, Quinestrel would be a better potential sterilant
页数	81
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://210.75.249.4/handle/363003/3270
专题	中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	杨敏. 不育剂对高原鼠兔繁殖的作用格局[D]. 西北高原生物研究所. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,2009.

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