中国科学院西北高原生物研究所机构知识库

Part one of the paper: we determined contents of 7 kind of anti-hepatitis effective components 1-hydroxy-3,4,5-tetramethoxyxanthone, swertiamarin, haleniaside,
demethoxyhaleniaside, isoorientin, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, and 18 kind of metal element Sr, Mn, Mg, Fe, Cr, Co, Zn, Ca, Cu, Ni, Se, K, Na, P, Hg, Pb, Cd, As in wild Halenia elliptica D. Don from 44 different sampling sites of Qinghai province, with the correlation analysis on climate environmental factors and soil environmental
factors, we try to find the content characteristics of the anti-hepatitis effective components in wild Halenia elliptica D. Don and its relationship with the environmental factors. The result showed that:
1. Haleniaside, demethoxyhaleniaside, 1-hydroxy-3,4,5-tetramethoxyxanthone, swertiamarin accounted for 91.5% of whole seven components contents, isoorientin, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid only taked up 8.5%.2. One-way ANOVA of sum of seven active components contents between seven wild Halenia elliptica producing area showed that quality of wild Halenia elliptica from sixth(Animaqing Mountain area) and seventh area(Make River watershed) were the best, wild Halenia elliptica from second area(Datong River watershed) and third area(Huangshui River watershed) were the worst.
3. Correlation analysis and ANOVA showed the relationship between active components content and environmental factors: content of demethoxyhaleniaside was mainly influenced by air temperature and community structure; content of haleniaside was positively affected by the precipitation; content of 1-hydroxy-3,4,5-tetramethoxyxanthone was positively related with soil P3 factor;
content of swertiamarin was positively affect by precipitation and soil P3 factor, so does the community structure; content of isoorientin was negatively influenced by atmosphere temperature; content of ursolic acid was positively affected by precipitation and soil P3.
4. With the determination of seven active components contents of different organ in wild H. elliptica, we found the distribution pattern between different organ: major quantity of 1-hydroxy-3,4,5-tetramethoxyxanthone, demethoxyhaleniaside, haleniaside, isoorientin swertiamarin accumulated in flowers-leaves part. Oleanolic acid mainly distributed in stems and in flowers-leaves. Ursolic acid mainly accumulated in stems.

5. These contents of fourteen kinds of elements Sr, Mn, Mg, Fe, Cr, Co, Zn, Ca, Cu, Ni, Se, K, Na, P were quite different from each other. One-way ANOVA of these elements content among seven producing area showed that Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu mean contents were significantly different among seven producing area, Mn, Zn，Cu mean
content of wild H. elliptica in seventh area were the highest among seven area. Fe mean content of wild H. elliptica in sixth area were the highest among seven producing area. Correlation analysis showed that Mn, Mg, Co, Zn, Ca, Ni contents of wild H. elliptica were affected by the same element content in soil. Contrasted with heavy metal element content standard restrained by “Green Trade
Standards of Importing & Exporting Medicinal plants & Preparations”, wild H. elliptica heavy metal element Pb, As, Cu contents were lower than the standards, they did not ruin wild H. elliptica raw mechanical materials quality; though Hg, Cd mean contents of 41 sampling sites were lower than the heavy metal standard, some sites Hg, Cd contents were higher than the heavy metal standard, therefore, we should pay more attention to Hg, Cd contents, they could be the bar of commercialization of wild H. elliptica. Part two of this paper: we set four treatment (urea treatment group, diammonium phosphate treatment group, control group, wild growing group), and determined each group of its 1-hydroxy-3,4,5-tetramethoxyxanthone, swertiamarin, haleniaside, demethoxyhaleniaside, isoorientin, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid seven liver-protective components contents in different growing stage, tried to study the variation of active component contents of cultivated H.elliptica plant in different growing stage. The results showed that:
6. ANOVA showed that the biomass of urea treatment group was significantly high than diammonium phosphate treatment group, control group, wild growing group. 7. Active component varying trend: concentration of demethoxyhaleniaside, haleniaside, swertiamarin, isoorientin gradually decreased from May to September, four group showed the same trend curve. Concentration of 1-hydroxy-3,4,5-tetramethoxyxanthone kept even in the early growing stage, but increased to the climax value in the bottom of August, and gradually decreased in September. Concentration of oleanolic acid, ursolic acid continuously increased during the whole growing season.
8. The active components contents of whole single plant can perfectly reveal the best harvest time, because it directly represents the yield of active component. From this aspect, we found that for H.elliptica of control group and wild growing group, haleniaside, demethoxyhaleniaside content of whole plant reached peak value in
bottom of June, but for urea treatment group and diammonium phosphate treatment group, haleniaside, demethoxyhaleniaside content of whole plant reached peak value in bottom of July, then gradually decreased. Contents of 1-hydroxy-3,4,5-tetramethoxyxanthone oleanolic acid, ursolic acid in whole plant
reached peak value in bottom of August. Contents of swertiamarin, isoorientin in whole plant reached climax value in the middle of August. If we choose the best harvest time by the sum of seven active components contents, then the bottom of July is most suitable, because in this time, the quality and yield of raw medicinal materials are both the best.