三江源区典型退化草地植被恢复措施对土壤酶活性和植物抗氧化系统影响的研究

NWIPB OpenIR

	三江源区典型退化草地植被恢复措施对土壤酶活性和植物抗氧化系统影响的研究; Research on the Influence of Restoration of Typical Degraded Alpine Meadow on Soil Enzyme and Plant Antioxidant System in Source Region of Three Rivers
	Li YK(李以康)
	2007-06-08
摘要	中文摘要本文研究了在三江源区自然条件下，对不同退化阶段的高寒草甸（未退化阶段、中度退化阶段和重度退化阶段）分别采取几种不同的植被恢复措施进行了处理。然后选择三种典型的高山植物矮嵩草（Kobresia humilis）、垂穗披碱草（Elymus nutans）、短穗兔耳草（Lagotis brachystachya），研究植被恢复措施对它们的抗氧化系统、渗透调节物质和叶绿素含量的影响；以及恢复措施对不同退化阶段的高寒草甸土壤酶（过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和脲酶）活性的影响。结果表明：植被恢复措施总体上提高了矮嵩草和垂穗披碱草叶中的SOD酶活性，六月份和九月份的活性相当高；植被恢复措施对未退化阶段和中度退化阶段的短穗兔耳草叶中的SOD活性影响不大，但对提高重度退化阶段的短穗兔耳草叶中的SOD酶活性效果显著。采取植被恢复措施对未退化和中度退化阶段的矮嵩草叶中谷胱甘肽的含量影响不大；促进了未退化阶段的垂穗披碱草在生长后期叶中谷胱甘肽含量的升高，重度退化阶段的垂穗披碱草叶中的谷胱甘肽含量升高明显，多数高于对照样地的含量；植被恢复措施对未退化阶段和中度退化阶段的短穗兔耳草叶中的谷胱甘肽含量影响不明显，但促进了重度退化阶段的短穗兔耳草在生长后期叶中谷胱甘肽含量的提高。植被恢复措施总体上促进了矮嵩草和垂穗披碱草叶中可溶糖含量的提高；对短穗兔耳草叶中可溶糖含量没有明显的影响。植被恢复措施对中度退化阶段的矮嵩草叶中可溶蛋白的含量影响明显，处理后含量升高；对提高生长后期的垂穗披碱草叶中的可溶蛋白的含量有较好的效果；植被恢复措施总体上对三个退化阶段的短穗兔耳草叶中可溶性蛋白含量的提高效果明显。未退化阶段和中度退化阶段的矮嵩草采取植被恢复措施后，叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量基本上都高于对照的含量，Chla/b的变化不一致；未退化阶段的垂穗披碱草处理样地七、八、九三个月份的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量都高于对照的含量，重度退化阶段的在九月份处理样地的叶绿素含量比对照样地增加明显；植被恢复措施对短穗兔耳草叶中的叶绿素含量增加促进作用明显，三个退化阶段基本上都表现为促进了叶绿素含量的增加。可见，从总体上植被恢复措施提高了矮嵩草和垂穗披碱草的抗氧化能力，都促进了植物叶中叶绿素含量的提高。而在植物枯黄期的八月份的研究发现，进行植被恢复措施的处理样地其生物量、植被高度和盖度都显著高于对照的样地，说明植被恢复措施能提高高寒草甸植物的抗逆境能力，使植物得到较好的生长。土壤酶活性的研究发现，采取植被恢复措施对三个退化阶段的土壤过氧化氢酶活性基本无较大影响，；不同样地0-10cm土层的过氧化氢酶活性基本上显著高于10-20cm土层的酶活性。采取植被恢复措施对未退化阶段的高寒草甸0-10cm土层的蔗糖酶活性无明显影响，10-20cm土层在多数月份处理样地的酶活性大于对照样地的酶活性；中度退化样地的土壤表层和下层都表现为六月份处理样地的蔗糖酶活性大于对照样地的酶活性，其它月份无显著影响；植被恢复措施对重度退化样地影响不大。对未退化阶段的高寒草甸采取植被恢复措施对脲酶活性无显著影响；中度退化阶段的10-20cm土层的处理样地的酶活性总体上大于对照样地的酶活性；重度退化阶段脲酶，六月份和七月份的处理样地脲酶的活性基本上都比对照的活性高，八月份和九月份规律不明显。总体上不同退化阶段的样地脲酶的活性都表现为在八、九月份的活性高，在六、七月份的活性低。; Abstract：Responses of antioxidant system、osmoticum and contents of photosynthetic pigments of three typical alpine plants Kobresia humilis、Elymus mutans and Lagotis brachystachya were investigated under different restoration measures in different degraded stages ( Non-degraded stage、Moderately degraded stage and Seriously degraded stage ) in Source Region of Three Rivers.We also studied the response of soil enzyme activity on the different restoration measures of three degraded stages . The results showed all the restoration measures enhanced the activity of SOD in the leaves of Kobresia humilis and Elymus mutans , and especially higher in June and September ; but have little influence in the leaves of Lagotis brachystachya in Moderately and Non-degraded stage, and effectively enhanced the activity of SOD in the leaves of Lagotis brachystachya in Seriously degraded stage . The restoration measures have little influence on the contents of GSH in the leaves of Kobresia humilis ; but in the late growth season , it enhanced the contents of GSH in the leaves of Elymus mutans in Non-degraded stage area ; in Seriously degraded stage , the effects of enhanced is obviously ; there is also showed little effects on Lagotis brachystachy in Non-degraded stage and Moderately degraded stage ,but in Seriously degraded stage it enhanced the contents of GSH in the leaves of Lagotis brachystachya in late growth season. These restoration measures effectively enhanced the contents of soluble sugar in the leaves of Kobresia humilis and Elymus mutans , but have no effective influence on Lagotis brachystachya . The restoration measures effectively enhanced the contents of soluble protein in the leaves of Kobresia humilis in Moderately degraded stage , and the same effect in the late growth season of Elymus mutans was observed ; The restoration measures have effective influence on Lagotis brachystachya in three different degraded stage.They are effectively enhanced the contents of Chla、Chlb and total Chl in the leaves of Kobresia humilis, but Chla/Chlb are varied ; In Non-degraded stage, the effects of enhanced are obvious in the leaves of Elymus mutans , but in Seriously degraded stage , its only effectively enhanced in September ; Its also effectively enhanced the contents in the leaves of Lagotis brachystachya. So the restoration measures enhanced the ability of antioxygenic property in the leaves of Kobresia humilis and Elymus mutans , and totally enhanced the contents of chlorophyll . And the results showed that the biomass、vegetation height and vegetation coverage are totally higher than the control in August. The soil Catalase activity showed no significant changes as compared with the control in 0-10cm soil layer , in 10-20cm soil layer there is no obviously rule in totally four seasons ; and it is obvious that the activity of soil Catalase of 0-10cm is significantly higher than the 10-20cm soil layer . The activity of Sucrase showed no significant rule in 0-10cm soil layer in Non-degraded stage ,but 10-20cm layer was higher in the treatment than the control in most of the time ; In Moderately degraded stage , the activity of Sucrase was higher in the treatment than the control in June , in other months it was irregular ; In Seriously degraded stage , the four months are irregular . It appears no obvious rule of Urase activity in Non-degraded stage ; And in Moderately degraded stage is higher in treatment than control in 10-20 cm . In Seriously degraded stage the activity of Urase are higher in June and July , but it is irregular in August and September . And it appears higher in August and September than in June and July .
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://210.75.249.4/handle/363003/56859
专题	中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李以康. 三江源区典型退化草地植被恢复措施对土壤酶活性和植物抗氧化系统影响的研究, Research on the Influence of Restoration of Typical Degraded Alpine Meadow on Soil Enzyme and Plant Antioxidant System in Source Region of Three Rivers[D],2007.