青海省典型地区紫花针茅群落种间联结研究

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	青海省典型地区紫花针茅群落种间联结研究
其他题名	Interspecific associations analysis in Stipa.purpurea steppe community around representative aera in Qinghai province
	刘洋
学位类型	硕士
导师	彭敏
	2007-06-08
学位授予单位	中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
学位授予地点	西北高原生物研究所
关键词	青藏高原紫花针茅群落正向联结负向联结中性联结种间关系
摘要	青藏高原是地球上海拔最高、最年轻的高原，总面积约250×104 km2，平均海拔4000m以上，素有“世界屋脊”之称。青藏高原属于典型的生态脆弱区。不仅在抵御外界环境扰动和人为干扰方面的能力低下，而且易于导致生态环境的破坏。青藏高原的动植物是全球独一无二的珍稀资源，这里的动植物资源不仅稀有、脆弱，而且许多都是地方特有物种，高原的植物种类丰富、植被类型多样,因此，青藏高原成为我国生物多样性保护的重要基地。青藏高原的气候具有全球独一无二的特征，大气洁净、空气稀薄、气温低以及辐射强烈等是气候变化的敏感区。青藏高原独特的地理位置、地貌、自然环境、气候特征，培育出高原上独特的高寒草甸、高寒草原、高寒灌丛、高寒荒漠等一系列高寒植被类型。紫花针茅草原是青藏高原上高寒草原植被类型中的最为典型的代表类群之一，在高原上有较为广泛的分布。对该植被类群的深入研究，不仅有助于揭示青藏高原特殊植被类群的基本特点、演变规律，而且有助于对该植被类群的保护与建设。因此，开展对紫花针茅草原群落的深入研究具有重要意义。本文以青海省部分典型地区的紫花针茅草原为研究对象，从其群落学特征、优势种的种间关系等方面进行了探讨与分析，通过对在紫花针茅群落中选取的优势种的种间联结性和相关性分析得出以下主要结论：（1）在巴滩地区，紫花针茅草原群落总体种间关联性为负相关，种对间没有显著相关性。群落尚处在演替初期阶段，或群落受到外界严重干扰，群落中的物种间不可能形成一种稳定、协调的搭配关系和对环境资源的最佳利用状态，群落中植物种对间搭配关系表现出偶然性和随机性。（2）在沱沱河地区，紫花针茅群落优势种多物种间显著正相关，存在稳定共存的种间关系；建群种与其它物种间联结性不显著，在群落中能够稳定存在并占据优势生态位，群落处于植被演替过程的一个相对稳定的阶段。伴生种或次优势种之间联结显著，在群落中表现出很强的依赖性，分布易受其它物种的影响，在群落中不能稳定存在且只占据劣势生态位。种间联结程度的结果分析将以紫花针茅为主要建群种的群落分为2个不同的生态种组，但这2个生态种组并不具有明显的界限，它们之间存在着直接或间接的联系。（3）在天峻地区，紫花针茅草原群落总体种间关联性为负相关，结合种对间联结性检验和种间关联度的测定结果分析表明，群落中的物种间可能存在竞争，这可能是环境营养空间和资源有限，为争夺资源产生竞争和排斥，不可能形成一种稳定、协调的搭配关系和对环境资源的最佳利用状态，因而大部分表现出负联结。（4）对本研究测定种间联结应用的方法进行分析和比较，笔者认为运用χ2统计度量值，并结合Jaccard指数、相关系数ψ、联结系数AC，综合分析紫花针茅群落优势种的种间联结性和相关性更为合理。
其他摘要	Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the highest, greatest and youngest plateau in the world. The total area of the plateau is about 250×104 square kilometers. The mean elevation of the plateau is more than 4,000 metres above sea level. Qinghai-Tibet Plateau belongs to typical area of the brittled ecological system. The entironment of the plateau is very weaked and is impressible for the environment and artificial disturburance breakage. The propagation resource in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is in a class by oneself. Many of them are exclusive species. The kind of plant species is very rich， the vegetation types is various. So the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has become the important biodiversity base in China. The climate is peculiar in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau，the clean atmosphere， the thin air ，the low emperature and strong radiation. The change of climate is very sensitive. Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the headwaters of river and ecology. The stipa purpurea grassland is representative vegetation type in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau，The quality of the stipa purpurea play an important role in the entironment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.So the research about it is very important significance. The representative area stipa purpurea grassland is acted the research object.We carry through analyse and discussion from the character of community，interspecific association of dominance species. We attain the conclusion from the interspecific association and correlation in the stipa purpurea community: (1) Interspecific associations can reflect interspecific competitive interactions in communities, and have been playing a central role in the functioning of all ecosystems. Interspecific association from 14 frequent species in S.purpurea steppe community, by 1m×1m size quadrates were studied. The results showed that there were negative multi-interspecific association in batan area, and no distinct interspecific association in S.purpurea steppe community. The community is in primary stage of succession, or is disturbed severely by outside. They can neither form an stable or unisonous connection, nor make full use of environment resource among species in communities. Arrange in pairs or groups represents chance and randomicity. （2） Based on VR， χ2 test，and Jaccard index，The interspecific association of twelve dominant species in S. purpurea steppe community in Yangtse headwaters was studied. The results showed that the overall associations among dominant species in Stipa purpurea community were significant positive,The dominant species had stable coexistence relation;Keystone species showed great independent and occupied prior ecological niche in the community,which distributions were not susceptible to other species.This partly accounted for the persistency of keystone species in the community.Interspecific associations of accompanying species or secondary dominant species with others were significant,which both indicated the great dependency of accompanying species or secondary dominant species on other species. Distributions of accompanying species or secondary dominant species were susceptible to other species and only occupied in ferior ecological niche in the community，which resulted in their transition or unstability in the ecosystem development. The result analysis about the interspecific association extent divided the community into divide into two different ecological species groups; but they had no distinct limit. There was direct and indirect relation between them. （3）Interspecific associations can reflect interspecific competitive interactions in communities,and have been playing a central role in the functioning of all ecosystems. Interspecific association from 12 frequent species in S.purpurea steppe community, by 1m×1m size quadrates were studied. The results showed that there were negative multi-interspecific association, and no distinct interspecific association in S.purpurea steppe community. The community is disturbed severely by outside. They can neither form an stable or unisonous connection, nor make full use of environment resource among species in communities. Arrange in pairs or groups represents chance and randomicity. （4）VR open out multi-interspecific association,χ2 open out the character and signification of interspecific association in pairs. JI、ψand AC denote the probability of the appearance and extent in the same time. χ2 react exactly interspecific association because of clear index. Association coefficient AC, point correlation coefficient ψand Jaccard index could manifest the interspecific association that the χ2 prove inapparently.So we handle χ2 statistic,and integrate association coefficient AC,point correlation coefficient ψand Jaccard index. It is properl all the more to analyze synthetically the association and the correlation synthetically.
页数	60
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://210.75.249.4/handle/363003/3132
专题	中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘洋. 青海省典型地区紫花针茅群落种间联结研究[D]. 西北高原生物研究所. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,2007.

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