Road proximity and traffic flow perceived as potential predation risks: evidence from the Tibetan antelope in the Kekexili National Nature Reserve, China

NWIPB OpenIR

	Road proximity and traffic flow perceived as potential predation risks: evidence from the Tibetan antelope in the Kekexili National Nature Reserve, China
	Lian, Xinming ; Zhang, Tongzuo ; Cao, Yifan ; Su, Jianping ; Thirgood, Simon
	2011
发表期刊	WILDLIFE RESEARCH ; Lian, XM; Zhang, TZ; Cao, YC; Su, JP; Thirgood, S.Road proximity and traffic flow perceived as potential predation risks: evidence from the Tibetan antelope in the Kekexili National Nature Reserve, China,WILDLIFE RESEARCH,2011,38(2):141-146
摘要	Context. The risk-disturbance hypothesis predicts that animals exhibit risk-avoidance behaviours when exposed to human disturbance because they perceive the disturbance as a predatory threat. Aims. This study aimed to examine whether Tibetan antelopes (Pantholops hodgsoni) exhibit risk-avoidance behaviour with proximity to a major highway and with increasing traffic flow consistent with the risk-disturbance hypothesis. Methods. Focal-animal sampling was used to observe the behaviour of Tibetan antelopes. The behaviours were categorised as foraging, vigilance, resting, moving, or other. The time, frequency, and duration of foraging and vigilance were calculated. Key results. As distance from the road increased, time spent foraging and foraging duration increased while foraging frequency, time spent being vigilant and vigilance frequency decreased, indicating that there is a risk perception associated with roads. Tibetan antelopes presented more risk-avoidance behaviours during high-traffic periods compared with low-traffic periods. Conclusions. Tibetan antelopes exhibited risk-avoidance behaviour towards roads that varied with proximity and traffic levels, which is consistent with the risk-disturbance hypothesis. Implications. The consequences of risk-avoidance behaviour should be reflected in wildlife management by considering human disturbance and road design.; Context. The risk-disturbance hypothesis predicts that animals exhibit risk-avoidance behaviours when exposed to human disturbance because they perceive the disturbance as a predatory threat.
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://210.75.249.4/handle/363003/40860
专题	中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lian, Xinming,Zhang, Tongzuo,Cao, Yifan,et al. Road proximity and traffic flow perceived as potential predation risks: evidence from the Tibetan antelope in the Kekexili National Nature Reserve, China[J]. WILDLIFE RESEARCH, Lian, XM; Zhang, TZ; Cao, YC; Su, JP; Thirgood, S.Road proximity and traffic flow perceived as potential predation risks: evidence from the Tibetan antelope in the Kekexili National Nature Reserve, China,WILDLIFE RESEARCH,2011,38(2):141-146,2011.
APA	Lian, Xinming,Zhang, Tongzuo,Cao, Yifan,Su, Jianping,&Thirgood, Simon.(2011).Road proximity and traffic flow perceived as potential predation risks: evidence from the Tibetan antelope in the Kekexili National Nature Reserve, China.WILDLIFE RESEARCH.
MLA	Lian, Xinming,et al."Road proximity and traffic flow perceived as potential predation risks: evidence from the Tibetan antelope in the Kekexili National Nature Reserve, China".WILDLIFE RESEARCH (2011).